XCACLS:
XCACLS or Extended Change
Access Control List tool, is an advanced version of CACLS, the difference being
that we do not have to answer Yes/No prompts in XCACLS. CACLS and XCACLS are
tools which are used to modify the ACLs (Access Control Lists), by which in
turn we are modifying the folder permissions for users in windows.
CACLS is installed in all
users machine in System32 folder.
Icacls.exe:
This article describes the Icacls.exe command-line utility. You can use
this utility to modify NTFS file system permissions
Icacls is a better option than
LockPermission Table. This command can be run through command line or from CA
too.
The reason why many people use
cacls.exe instead is because using the "lockpermission table" is for
some reason often unreliable, and simply doesn’t work always
Another reason people mention why
cacls should be used instead, is because there is a risk that the
"lockpermission" table applies only the permissions in the msi-packet
to the folders, and erases others.
I.E other accounts, on the installed machine/domain loose permissions, such as "administrator", "system".
I.E other accounts, on the installed machine/domain loose permissions, such as "administrator", "system".
Yet another reason, and a very
significant one, is that using "lockpermission" table does not enable
you to assign inherited permission. So if you have, lets say 50 folders who
also have subfolders - you would have to right click on every one of them and
assign the permissions. That is very time consuming, but this is not a problem
when cacls is used.
Change file and folder
permissions - display or modify Access Control Lists (ACLs) for files and
folders.
ICACLS
name /save aclfile [/T] [/C]
[/L] [/Q]
Restore
ACLs to all files in directory :
/restore
aclfile [/C] [/L] [/Q]
Stores
the DACLs for the files and folders that match the name into aclfile for later
use with /restore.
What is DACLs: If
a Windows object does not have a discretionary
access control list (DACL), the system allows everyone
full access to it. If an object has a DACL, the system allows only the access
that is explicitly allowed by the access
control entries (ACEs) in the DACL. If there are no ACEs in the DACL, the
system does not allow access to anyone. Similarly, if a DACL has ACEs that
allow access to a limited set of users or groups, the system implicitly denies
access to all trustees not included in the ACEs.
Change
Owner:
ICACLS name /setowner user [/T] [/C] [/L] [/Q]
/setowner
: changes the owner.
Key
name The File(s) or folder(s) the permissions will
apply to.
/T
Traverse all subfolders to match files/directories.
/C
Continue on file errors (access denied). If /C is not
specified, Xcacls.exe stops on this error.
/L
Perform the operation on a symbolic link itself, not its target.
/Q
Quiet - suppress success messages.
/E edits
the ACL instead of replacing it.
/G user:perm;spec grants a user access to the matching file or
folder.
∙ Theperm (permission) variable applies the specified access right to files and represents the special file-access-right mask for folders. The permvariable accepts the following values:
o R Read
o C Change (write)
o F Full Control
o P Change Permissions (special access)
o O Take Ownership (special access)
o X EXecute (special access)
o E REad (Special access)
o W Write (Special access)
o D Delete (Special access)
∙ Thespec (special access) variable applies only to folders and accepts the same values as perm, with the addition of the following special value:
o T Not Specified. Sets an ACE for the directory itself without specifying an ACE that is applied to new files created in that directory.
∙ Theperm (permission) variable applies the specified access right to files and represents the special file-access-right mask for folders. The permvariable accepts the following values:
o R Read
o C Change (write)
o F Full Control
o P Change Permissions (special access)
o O Take Ownership (special access)
o X EXecute (special access)
o E REad (Special access)
o W Write (Special access)
o D Delete (Special access)
∙ Thespec (special access) variable applies only to folders and accepts the same values as perm, with the addition of the following special value:
o T Not Specified. Sets an ACE for the directory itself without specifying an ACE that is applied to new files created in that directory.
/R user revokes
all access rights for the specified user.
/P user:perm;spec replaces access rights for user. The rules for
specifying perm and spec are the same as for the /G option.
/D user denies user access to
the file or directory.
/Y disables confirmation when replacing user access
rights. By default, CACLS asks for confirmation. Because of this feature, when
CACLS is used in a batch routine, the routine stops responding until the right
answer is entered. The /Y option
was introduced to avoid this confirmation, so that Xcacls.exe can be
used in batch mode.
icacls
c:\windows\* /save Aclfile /T
will
save the ACLs for all files under C:\windows and its subdirectories to AclFile.
icacls
c:\windows\ /restore Aclfile
will save the ACLs for every file within Aclfile
that exists in C:\windows and its subdirectories.
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